Founded in St. Petersburg under Peter the Great in 1721, the Krasnogvardeets factory is one of Russia’s oldest medical instrument manufacturers. Its development was closely associated with European physicians and surgeons, including James Wylie and Nikolay Pirogov. In the 20th century, the factory became a major producer of surgical stapling devices, anesthesia equipment, and ventilators. Today, Krasnogvardeets continues manufacturing surgical instruments and medical equipment.

KLS Martin (founded in 1923) is a renowned German manufacturer of high-precision surgical instruments and implants, surgical lights, high-frequency coagulators, and lasers.

German company Karl Storz, "King of Endoscopy", is nowadays a world-leading manufacturer of minimally invasive surgical instruments and integrated operation room solutions