Founded in St. Petersburg under Peter the Great in 1721, the Krasnogvardeets factory is one of Russia’s oldest medical instrument manufacturers. Its development was closely associated with European physicians and surgeons, including James Wylie and Nikolay Pirogov. In the 20th century, the factory became a major producer of surgical stapling devices, anesthesia equipment, and ventilators. Today, Krasnogvardeets continues manufacturing surgical instruments and medical equipment.

The Partnership of P.I. Makhin and Co. In Moscow (Товарищество П. И. Махин и Ко. В Москве) was engaged in the sale and repair of medical equipment. Founded: 1868. Dissolved: 1918 (?). Address: Rozhdestvenska Street, near Kuznetsky Most, House of Suzdal Podvor'e No. 7. Awardswith medal depicted in the 1914 catalog: Silver Medal of the Nizhny Novgorod Fair in 1895; Gold Medal of the Exhibition in Paris 1900; Diploma of Honor Paris 1904. Supplier of the instruments of Collin and Mathieu in Russia