The French company Charrière, founded by Joseph-Frédéric-Benoêt Charrière in the early 19th century, stands as a testament to innovation in medical instrument manufacturing. Born in 1803 in Switzerland, Charrière moved to Paris as a teenager and eventually took over his mentor's cutlery workshop. He became renowned for producing high-quality surgical instruments, notably in lithotripsy and anesthesia. Charrière's technical skill, creativity, and eagerness to learn from surgeons directly influenced his designs. He is also credited with creating the 'Charrière scale,' a measurement standard for medical instruments (also known as 'French gauge'). After his death the company worked under the name Maison Collin till 1957 when it was taken over by Maison Gentile. Charrière's legacy in medical technology endures, symbolizing groundbreaking advancements in healthcare tools.

Founded in 1864 in Berlin, SCHMIDT + HAENSCH has established itself as a pioneering force in the development of precision optical instruments and analytical technologies. With a deep-rooted heritage in fine mechanics, optics, and engineering, the company has continuously contributed to scientific advancement and industrial innovation across multiple sectors.

The company, Shepard & Dudley NY, established by instrument makers in New York, operated from 1870 to the late 1890s. The company Shepard and Dudley did not manufacture instruments during or prior to the Civil War, they were producers of surgical sets for civilian purposes post-war. 

Maison Lüer was founded in Paris in 1837 by Georg Wilhelm Amatus Lüer (1802–1883), a German-born craftsman. The company gaining renown for precision surgical instruments, initially in ophthalmology and later expanding into other specialties. His son-in-law Hermann Wülfing-Lüer further developed the firm after, patenting an innovative all-glass syringe in 1895, designed for aseptic procedures and resistant to high-temperature sterilization. This syringe, known as "Luer-syringe" featured a precisely ground barrel and plunger, eliminating the need for gaskets. Many surgical tools still bear the Lüer name, and his legacy endures through standardized syringe connections, known for their safety, simplicity, and wide compatibility. 

The Allen & Hanburys Ltd., is a distinguished pharmaceutical, baby food and medical devices company. It was founded in 1715 by Silvanus Bevan, a Welsh apothecary and Quaker, as Plough Court Pharmacy at Plough Court, Lombard Street, London. Later Allen and Hanbury families expanded its operations and in the beginning of 20th century it was leading manufacturer of infant foods, malt preparations, and medicated pastilles. Later it focused on research, analytical control, and the production of galenical preparations, pills, tablets, and surgical instruments, including stainless steel operating tables and baby scales. In 1958, Allen & Hanburys was acquired by Glaxo Laboratories Ltd., which later became part of GlaxoSmithKline (GSK). The Allen & Hanburys name continued as GSK's specialist respiratory division until it was phased out in 2013.

The company Hawksley and Sons was founded in 1869 by Charles Hawksley, in Oxford Street London. The talented founder invented Haemocytometer of his own design. The firm became was one of the of the founding members of the British Surgical Trade Association (today BHTA). It was focused on the Blood counting chambers, and early Blood Pressure devices. William Baum took over the company in 1916. In the post-war years the firm started to produce centrifuges.  

The Partnership of P.I. Makhin and Co. In Moscow (Товарищество П. И. Махин и Ко. В Москве) was engaged in the sale and repair of medical equipment. Founded: 1868. Dissolved: 1918 (?). Address: Rozhdestvenska Street, near Kuznetsky Most, House of Suzdal Podvor'e No. 7. Awardswith medal depicted in the 1914 catalog: Silver Medal of the Nizhny Novgorod Fair in 1895; Gold Medal of the Exhibition in Paris 1900; Diploma of Honor Paris 1904. Supplier of the instruments of Collin and Mathieu in Russia

The French company Maison Collin was organized as a successor of the famous Maison Charrière, founded by Joseph-Frédéric-Benoît Charrière in the early 19th century. Anatole Pierre Urbain Louis Colline (1831-1923) and Louis-Apollinaire Robert bought the Charrière firm on May 19, 1866. Robert left the company at 1876. Address of Maison Collin was 60 rue Mazarine, Paris. The company worked under the name Maison Collin till 1957 when it was taken over by Maison Gentile. 

Maison Gentile was founded in 1891 by Pierre Gentile. Address: 49 rue Saint-André-des-arts, Paris. The founder, Pierre Gentile, was trained in the Galante workshops. The company was making metal and "caoutchouc" (rubber) instruments. Maison Gentile acquired Maison Collin (former Maison Charrière) in 1957. It closed its doors permanently in 1972.